名詞 exile:

1. voluntarily absent from home or country
   同義詞：expatriate
2. expelled from home or country by authority
   同義詞：deportee
3. the act of expelling a person from their native land
   同義詞：deportation, expatriation, transportation

動(dòng)詞 exile:

1. expel from a country
   同義詞：expatriate, deport

1. Exile was for him a living death.
   他遭流放是進(jìn)了活地獄。
2. He was in the unenviable position of having to choose between imprisonment or exile.
   他已陷於進(jìn)退維谷的地步，不是坐牢就是流放，必須在兩者間做出抉擇。
3. The king was sent into exile.
   國(guó)王遭到放逐。
4. He was exiled from the country for one year.
   他被放逐一年。

ex.ile

n.（名詞）

Enforced removal from one`s native country.
流放：被強(qiáng)迫離開(kāi)自己的國(guó)家
Self-imposed absence from one`s country.
自我流放：自愿的離開(kāi)本國(guó)
The condition or a period of living away from one`s native country.
流亡期間： 在自己國(guó)家之外生活的情況或時(shí)間
One who lives away from one`s native country, whether because of expulsion or voluntary absence.
離鄉(xiāng)者：被驅(qū)逐或因?yàn)樽栽付幼≡谧约旱淖鎳?guó)之外
v.tr.（及物動(dòng)詞）
ex.iled,ex.il.ing,ex.iles
To send into exile; banish.See Synonyms at banish
流放；把…驅(qū)逐出境參見(jiàn) banish

來(lái)源：
Middle English exil
中古英語(yǔ) exil
from Old French
源自 古法語(yǔ)
from Latin exilium
源自 拉丁語(yǔ) exilium
from exul, exsul [exiled person, wanderer]
源自 exul, exsul [被流放的人，流浪者]

【引伸】
exil.ic